Presenting information on the Internet
Learning Outcomes:
- Outline and discuss the various factors to be considered in the construction of web pages.
- By demonstrating some web sites, students should discuss successful design factors such as the web site structure, audience awareness, content purpose, site map, use of the workspace available on each page, arrangement of elements on screen, appropriateness of embedded graphics/sound/animations, use of frames and meaningful contextual links, grouping related information into tables/lists, providing channels for feedback, providing details in downloadable files, and structuring contents for easy printing.
- Students should also discuss the hardware constraint and platform compatibility factors such as computer processing power, bandwidth limitation, browser and plug-in compatibility, viewing environment, and language and colour compatibility.
- They should analyse and judge the use of the right resolution and file format for images and photos in order to keep download time low.
- Know that there are guidelines to cater for web accessibility by people with special needs.
- For example, providing an additional text only version, and including brief descriptions and text links in existing websites to make the web pages more accessible to the visually impaired.
Construction of web pages
Successful design
factors
Content related:
- audience awareness
- content purpose
- web site structure
- site map
- Advantages of site map:
- Help developer to understand the web site structure
- Help user to navigate
- Help search engine to index the web site
- grouping related information into tables/lists
- providing details in downloadable files
- structuring contents for easy printing
- Create printable version using CSS
- Avoid page break for certain contents
Layout related:
- use of the workspace available on each page
- arrangement of elements on screen
- appropriateness of embedded graphics/sound/animations
- use of frames and meaningful contextual links
- Advantages of frames (Disadvantages without frames):
- Some contents remain visible all the time e.g. navigation menu
- Advantages without frames (Disadvantages of frames):
- Suitable for small screen size
- printer friendly
- more easy to be indexed
Providing channels
for feedback
Hardware constraint
and platform compatibility factors
Hardware constraint:
- computer processing power
- bandwidth limitation
Platform compatibility:
- browser and plug-in compatibility
- viewing environment
- Mobile platform characteristics:
- Smaller screen display
- Limited data transfer rate
- For mobile platform:
- Simplify layout
- Reduce file size: compress audio, reduce image resolution, remove unnecessary multimedia elements
- Build text only version
- Make font adjustable
- language and colour compatibility.
Use of the right
resolution and file format for images and photos in order to keep download
time low.
Further reading:
Web Accessibility
- Websites are designed in the way that people with disabilities can use them.
- Different types of disabilities require different web designs to facilitate web accessibility
Examples of disabilities
|
Solutions
|
Visual impairment
|
Screen reader software
Refreshable Braille display
|
Hearing impairment
|
Text-only version
Transcript of videos/audios
Videos with sign language
|
Upper limb disability
|
Allow sufficient time for filling in interactive forms
|
Further reading:
https://www.w3.org/WAI/fundamentals/accessibility-intro/#:~:text=Web%20accessibility%20means%20that%20websites,contribute%20to%20the%20Web
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